Fixing Black Screen after Boot on Ubuntu 16.04 & 17.10 (Intel Graphics)

On my Dell laptop with Intel Graphics I suddenly experienced a black screen on booting Ubuntu

16.04 and later. I reinstalled Ubuntu and tried out some Ubuntu derivatives (Mint, Xubuntu), but that didn't help. The classical tip of using "nomodeset" didn't help either.

This is my configuration:

$ lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 vga
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor x5-E8000/J3xxx/N3xxx Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:22b1] (rev 21)
    Subsystem: Dell Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor x5-E8000/J3xxx/N3xxx Integrated Graphics Controller [1028:06ac]
    Kernel driver in use: i915

I finally found the simple solution:

• during boot hold down the "shift" key to show the Grub menu
• in "advanced", choose the latest kernel in "recovery" mode
• now continue the boot normally: the GUI will show up correctly when started from recovery.
• open a terminal
• sudo nano /etc/default/grub
• search for splash in this file and modify it into nosplash
• save the modified file
• now run
  sudo update-grub

After rebooting, the logon screen should show just fine. 

reference: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1004912/ubuntu-16-04-3-lts-nosplash-parameter-causes-major-issues.